Instrukcja obsługi Arduino Uno

Arduino Niesklasyfikowane Uno

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Arduino Uno
Overview
The Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328 ( ). It has 14 digitaldatasheet
input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz crystal oscillator, a
USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button. It contains everything needed to
support the microcontroller; simply connect it to a computer with a USB cable or power it with a AC-to-DC
adapter or battery to get started.
The Uno diers from all preceding boards in that it does not use the FTDI USB-to-serial driver chip.
Instead, it features the Atmega8U2 programmed as a USB-to-serial converter.
"Uno" means one in Italian and is named to mark the upcoming release of Arduino 1.0. The Uno and
version 1.0 will be the reference versions of Arduno, moving forward. The Uno is the latest in a series of
USB Arduino boards, and the reference model for the Arduino platform; for a comparison with previous
versions, see the index of Arduino boards.
Summary
Microcontroller ATmega328
Operating Voltage 5V
Input Voltage (recommended) 7-12V
Input Voltage (limits) 6-20V
Digital I/O Pins 14 (of which 6 provide PWM output)
Analog Input Pins 6
DC Current per I/O Pin 40 mA
DC Current for 3.3V Pin 50 mA
Flash Memory 32 KB (ATmega328) of which 0.5 KB used by bootloader
SRAM 2 KB (ATmega328)
EEPROM 1 KB (ATmega328)
Clock Speed 16 MHz
Schematic & Reference Design
EAGLE les: arduino-uno-reference-design.zip
Schematic: arduino-uno-schematic.pdf
Power
The Arduino Uno can be powered via the USB connection or with an external power supply. The power
source is selected automatically.
External (non-USB) power can come either from an AC-to-DC adapter (wall-wart) or battery. The adapter
can be connected by plugging a 2.1mm center-positive plug into the board's power jack. Leads from a
battery can be inserted in the Gnd and Vin pin headers of the POWER connector.
The board can operate on an external supply of 6 to 20 volts. If supplied with less than 7V, however, the
5V pin may supply less than ve volts and the board may be unstable. If using more than 12V, the voltage
regulator may overheat and damage the board. The recommended range is 7 to 12 volts.
The power pins are as follows:
VIN. The input voltage to the Arduino board when it's using an external power source (as opposed to
5 volts from the USB connection or other regulated power source). You can supply voltage through
this pin, or, if supplying voltage via the power jack, access it through this pin.
5V. The regulated power supply used to power the microcontroller and other components on the
board. This can come either from VIN via an on-board regulator, or be supplied by USB or another
regulated 5V supply.
3V3. A 3.3 volt supply generated by the on-board regulator. Maximum current draw is 50 mA.
GND. Ground pins.
Memory
The ATmega328 has 32 KB (with 0.5 KB used for the bootloader). It also has 2 KB of SRAM and 1 KB of
EEPROM (which can be read and written with the EEPROM library ).
Input and Output
Each of the 14 digital pins on the Uno can be used as an input or output, using ,pinMode(), digitalWrite()
and digitalRead() functions. They operate at 5 volts. Each pin can provide or receive a maximum of 40 mA
and has an internal pull-up resistor (disconnected by default) of 20-50 kOhms. In addition, some pins have
specialized functions:
Serial: 0 (RX) and 1 (TX). Used to receive (RX) and transmit (TX) TTL serial data. These pins are
connected to the corresponding pins of the ATmega8U2 USB-to-TTL Serial chip.
External Interrupts: 2 and 3. These pins can be congured to trigger an interrupt on a low value,
a rising or falling edge, or a change in value. See the attachInterrupt() function for details.
PWM: 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, and 11. Provide 8-bit PWM output with the function.analogWrite()
SPI: 10 (SS), 11 (MOSI), 12 (MISO), 13 (SCK). These pins support SPI communication using
the SPI library.
LED: 13. There is a built-in LED connected to digital pin 13. When the pin is HIGH value, the LED is
on, when the pin is LOW, it's o.
The Uno has 6 analog inputs, labeled A0 through A5, each of which provide 10 bits of resolution (i.e. 1024
dierent values). By default they measure from ground to 5 volts, though is it possible to change the upper
end of their range using the AREF pin and the analogReference () function. Additionally, some pins have
specialized functionality:
I2C: 4 (SDA) and 5 (SCL). Support I2C (TWI) communication using the .Wire library
There are a couple of other pins on the board:
AREF. Reference voltage for the analog inputs. Used with ().analogReference
Reset. Bring this line LOW to reset the microcontroller. Typically used to add a reset button to
shields which block the one on the board.
See also the .mapping between Arduino pins and ATmega328 ports?
Communication
The Arduino UNo has a number of facilities for communicating with a computer, another Arduino, or other
microcontrollers. The ATmega328 provides UART TTL (5V) serial communication, which is available on
digital pins 0 (RX) and 1 (TX). An ATmega8U2 on the board channels this serial communication over USB
and appears as a virtual com port to software on the computer. The '8U2rmware uses the standard USB
COM drivers, and no external driver is needed. However, on Windows, a .inf le is required . The Arduino

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Marka: Arduino
Kategoria: Niesklasyfikowane
Model: Uno

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